What is the CEIJ model for writing evaluation narratives?

CEIJ stands for Claim, Evidence, Interpretation, Judgment — and it's a structure for writing evaluation narratives that are clear, defensible, and genuinely useful. You make a claim about the teacher's practice, support it with specific evidence from your observations, interpret what that evidence means in context, and connect it to a judgment based on your shared evaluation framework.

The value is that it eliminates vagueness. "Mrs. Johnson is a proficient teacher" doesn't help anyone. But when you can point to specific evidence, explain what it demonstrates about her practice, and connect it to a framework standard, the evaluation becomes both more meaningful to the teacher and more defensible if challenged.

CEIJ is especially important for high-stakes evaluations — teachers who may be non-renewed or placed on improvement plans. In those cases, every sentence needs to withstand scrutiny.

Answered by Justin Baeder, PhD, Director of The Principal Center and author of three books on instructional leadership.

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